What is an Operating System?
An operating system (OS) is a software that serves as the primary interface between a computer hardware and its users. It manages the computer’s resources, allocates memory, controls peripheral devices, and provides a user interface for interacting with the computer.
Functions of an Operating System
- Memory Management: Allocates memory to processes and manages memory usage.
- Processor Management: Allocates CPU time to processes and manages their execution.
- Device Management: Controls input/output devices such as printers and disk drives.
- File Management: Manages files on storage devices and provides file access to users.
Types of Operating Systems
There are several types of operating systems including:
- Windows: Developed by Microsoft, used on personal computers and servers.
- macOS: Developed by Apple, used on Macintosh computers.
- Linux: Open-source OS used on a variety of devices including servers and embedded systems.
Case Studies
One of the most widely known case studies of an operating system is the success of Microsoft Windows. Windows dominates the personal computer market, with over 75% market share as of 2021. Its user-friendly interface and wide range of software compatibility have made it a go-to choice for many users.
Statistics
According to StatCounter Global Stats, as of February 2021, Windows holds 76.78% of the desktop operating system market share, followed by macOS at 16.22% and Linux at 2.35%. These statistics highlight the dominance of Windows in the desktop operating system market.
