Understanding what are types of external conflict in literature is essential for appreciating how stories unfold and characters evolve. External conflicts drive plot tension by placing characters against opposing forces outside themselves, shaping narratives in meaningful ways. This article will explore three key types of external conflict in literature: character vs. society, character vs. character, and character vs. nature. Each type offers unique challenges and storytelling opportunities that deepen readers’ engagement and highlight different facets of human experience.
What Are Types of External Conflict in Literature? Exploring Three Key Options
External conflict refers to struggles between a character and an outside force. This contrasts with internal conflict, where a character wrestles with emotions or decisions within themselves. To better understand what are types of external conflict in literature, we will focus on three distinctive options:
- Character vs. Society
- Character vs. Character
- Character vs. Nature
Character vs. Society
One of the most compelling types of external conflict is character vs. society, where a protagonist stands against societal norms, laws, or cultural expectations. This conflict type highlights themes of justice, freedom, and rebellion while exploring how individual values clash with collective rules.
Examples abound in classic and contemporary literature. For instance, Harper Lee’s “To Kill a Mockingbird” features Atticus Finch fighting against racial prejudice in his community, embodying character vs. society conflict. Likewise, dystopian novels like George Orwell’s “1984” showcase characters resisting oppressive regimes.
Character vs. Character
At the heart of many narratives lies the character vs. character conflict. Here, direct opposition arises between two or more characters, often representing contrasting goals, personalities, or moralities. This conflict type creates interpersonal tension and can drive the story’s emotional core.
Shakespeare’s “Hamlet” provides a classic example: Hamlet’s conflict with Claudius propels the plot and intensifies the drama. In modern thrillers, protagonists frequently face antagonists whose conflicting desires escalate suspense. The complexity of character vs. character conflicts invites nuanced character development and dynamic storytelling.
Character vs. Nature
Character vs. nature pits individuals against natural forces such as weather, animals, or survival challenges. This type of external conflict tests a character’s resilience, adaptability, and will to survive, often emphasizing humanity’s vulnerability.
Jack London’s “To Build a Fire” is a prime portrayal of this struggle, with the protagonist battling the unforgiving cold wilderness. Similarly, movies and novels dealing with natural disasters, wilderness adventures, or sea voyages often depict character vs. nature conflict as a fundamental narrative tension.
Why These External Conflicts Matter
Understanding what are types of external conflict in literature helps readers and writers recognize how stories reflect real-life struggles. Each external conflict type serves important narrative purposes:
- Character vs. Society: Explores themes of conformity, freedom, and justice.
- Character vs. Character: Drives interpersonal drama and character development.
- Character vs. Nature: Emphasizes survival, endurance, and human limitations.
Additionally, these conflicts often overlap or intertwine, creating richer, more layered stories. Writers use these external forces to challenge protagonists, evoke empathy, and deliver powerful messages.
Conclusion
In summary, knowing what are types of external conflict in literature enhances appreciation for storytelling craft and thematic depth. Character vs. society, character vs. character, and character vs. nature are three vital conflict types that shape countless narratives. Recognizing these conflicts enables readers to connect with stories on a deeper level and understand the forces that drive characters’ journeys.
