What is Surface Tension?
Surface tension is a phenomenon in which the surface of a liquid, where it meets the air, acts like a thin elastic sheet. It is the result of the cohesive forces between the liquid molecules at the surface. This force causes the liquid to minimize its surface area, creating a ‘skin’ on the surface.
How is Surface Tension Measured?
Surface tension is measured in units of force per unit length, commonly expressed in newtons per meter (N/m). It can be measured using various methods, such as the drop weight method or the capillary rise method.
Examples of Surface Tension
- Water droplets forming spherical shapes due to surface tension.
- Insects walking on water due to the high surface tension of water.
- Capillary action in plants, where water moves up a narrow tube against gravity.
Case Studies on Surface Tension
A study by researchers at MIT found that by altering the surface tension of droplets on a surface, they could control the movement of tiny robots. This research has potential applications in microfluidics and drug delivery systems.
Statistics on Surface Tension
According to a report by Grand View Research, the global surface tension measurement market is expected to reach $725.7 million by 2025, driven by advancements in research and development in various industries.
